Median (Middle Value) Formula

Mathematics & Education
$$\text{Median} = \begin{cases} x_{\left(\frac{n+1}{2}\right)} & \text{if } n \text{ is odd} \[8pt] \frac{x_{\left(\frac{n}{2}\right)} + x_{\left(\frac{n}{2}+1\right)}}{2} & \text{if } n \text{ is even} \end{cases}$$

The median formula finds the central midpoint value of an ordered numerical sequence, separating the top 50% from bottom 50%.

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Miles to Kilometers Formula

Unit Converters
$$\text{Kilometers} = \text{Miles} \times 1.609344$$

To convert statute miles to kilometers, multiply the mile value by 1.609344.

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Milliliters to Fluid Ounces Formula

Unit Converters
$$\text{Fluid Ounces (US)} = \text{Milliliters} \times 0.033814$$

One US fluid ounce equals 29.5735 milliliters. To convert milliliters to US fluid ounces, multiply by 0.033814.

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Net Worth Formula

Finance
$$\text{Net Worth} = \sum \text{Total Assets} - \sum \text{Total Liabilities}$$

The Net Worth Formula calculates an individual or household's net wealth standing by taking the market value of all asset holdings and subtracting total debt obligations. A positive net worth signifies solvency, while a negative net worth indicates liabilities exceed assets.

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NPS Formula

Finance
$$\begin{aligned} A &= P \times \frac{(1 + r)^n - 1}{r} \times (1 + r) \\ \text{Pension} &= A \times \text{Annuity\%} \end{aligned}$$

The National Pension System (NPS) is a voluntary, long-term retirement savings scheme designed to enable systematic savings. Upon maturity at age 60, a portion of the corpus is paid as a lump sum, and the remaining must be invested in an annuity to provide a regular monthly pension.

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Numerology Reduction Formula

Date & Time
$$\text{Single Digit} = 1 + ((\text{Digit Sum} - 1) \bmod 9)$$

In Pythagorean numerology, multi-digit numbers are recursively reduced to a single digit between 1 and 9, except when master numbers 11, 22, or 33 are encountered.

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Pace Formula

Health
$$\begin{aligned} \text{Pace} &= \frac{\text{Time}}{\text{Distance}} \\ \text{Speed} &= \frac{\text{Distance}}{\text{Time}} \\ \text{Finish Time} &= \text{Pace} \times \text{Target Distance} \end{aligned}$$

Pace and speed describe the same underlying relationship between time and distance, just inverted. Pace expresses how much time it takes to cover one unit of distance (useful for runners tracking minutes per km or mile), while speed expresses how much distance is covered per unit of time (more common for cycling or driving). Once a known pace is established from a training run or previous race, that same pace can be used to predict a finish time for a different target distance, assuming a similar effort level is maintained.

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Percentage Formula

Math
$$\begin{aligned} \text{Percentage} &= \frac{\text{Part}}{\text{Whole}} \times 100 \\ \text{Percentage Increase} &= \frac{\text{New} - \text{Old}}{\text{Old}} \times 100 \\ \text{Percentage Decrease} &= \frac{\text{Old} - \text{New}}{\text{Old}} \times 100 \\ \text{Reverse Percentage} &= \frac{\text{Part}}{\text{Percentage} / 100} \end{aligned}$$

A percentage expresses a number as a fraction of 100, making it easy to compare proportions across different scales. This page covers four related but distinct calculations that are often confused with one another: finding what percentage one number is of another (basic percentage), finding how much a value has grown (percentage increase), finding how much a value has shrunk (percentage decrease), and working backward from a known percentage and part to find the original whole (reverse percentage). Each uses a different arrangement of the same core relationship between a part, a whole, and 100.

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Percentage Increase & Decrease Formula

Mathematics & Education
$$\text{Percentage Change (\%)} = \frac{\text{New Value} - \text{Initial Value}}{|\text{Initial Value}|} \times 100$$

The percentage change formula measures relative growth (increase) or decline (decrease) between an initial value and a final value as a percentage of the original number.

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Percentage to CGPA Formula

Mathematics & Education
$$\text{CGPA} = \frac{\text{Percentage (\%)}}{9.5}$$

The Percentage to CGPA conversion formula converts overall percentage marks into an equivalent Cumulative Grade Point Average (CGPA) on a 10-point scale for CBSE, AICTE, VTU, DU, and international 4.0 GPA scales.

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