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Financial Term Dictionary

What is PPF?

Published on July 05, 2026 • Last updated July 05, 2026

Formula Included

Definition

Public Provident Fund (PPF) is a popular long-term savings-cum-tax-saving instrument in India, backed by the central government.

Detailed Explanation

PPF offers guaranteed interest, complete capital safety, and tax-free returns. It comes with a 15-year maturity lock-in, which can be extended in blocks of 5 years. The interest rate is reviewed quarterly by the government, and contributions qualify for tax deductions under Section 80C.

Mathematical Formula

Interest is calculated monthly on the minimum balance in the account between the 5th day and the end of the month, and compounded annually: $$A = P \times \frac{(1 + r)^t - 1}{r} \times (1 + r)$$ (if invested at the start of each year)

Calculation Examples

Depositing $150,000 (maximum limit) at the start of each year for 15 years at an interest rate of 7.1% per annum: - Annual contribution (P) = $150,000 - Interest rate (r) = 7.1% = 0.071 - Number of years (t) = 15 - Total invested amount = $2,250,000 - Maturity Amount (A) = $4,068,209 - Total interest earned = $1,818,209

Frequently Asked Questions

The minimum investment is ₹500 per financial year, and the maximum limit is ₹1.5 Lakhs per financial year.

Partial withdrawals are allowed from the 7th financial year onwards, subject to specific limits. Loans can also be taken against the PPF balance from the 3rd to the 6th financial year.

EEE stands for Exempt-Exempt-Exempt. In PPF, contributions are exempt under Sec 80C, interest earned is exempt from tax, and the final maturity amount is completely tax-free.

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